Thesis Research Roadmap Template (General)

flowchart TB
    subgraph S1[Preparation]
        direction LR
        A[Background and problem statement] --> B[Literature review] --> C[Research objectives and scope]
    end
    subgraph S2[Theory and method]
        direction LR
        D[Theoretical framework] --> E[Methods and tools] --> F[Research design]
    end
    subgraph S3[Implementation and validation]
        direction LR
        G[Data collection and processing] --> H[Modelling / experiments] --> I[Results and discussion]
    end
    subgraph S4[Conclusion]
        direction LR
        J[Conclusions] --> K[Contributions and limitations] --> L[Future work]
    end
    S1 --> S2 --> S3 --> S4

Draw a thesis research roadmap in Mermaid flowchart TB syntax with four subgraph phases: Preparation (background and problem statement → literature review → research objectives and scope), Theory and method (theoretical framework → methods and tools → research design), Implementation and validation (data collection and processing → modelling or experiments → results and discussion), Conclusion (conclusions → contributions and limitations → future work). Add direction LR inside each subgraph so the steps run horizontally, and connect the phases by their subgraph ids (for example S1 --> S2). Output only the mermaid code block.